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Internal armed conflict definition12/6/2023 ![]() The First Additional Protocol of 1977 added “recognized liberation struggle” to the category of international armed conflicts.Such a struggle may be started by the people of an occupied territory or by people within a state who want to separate from the parent state. The Geneva Conventions remain applicable to such lawful uses of force. The UN Charter allows the use of force in self-defense as well as when authorized by the UN Security Council. About the difference in the scope of war and armed conflict, read The ICRC Commentary. ![]() Article 1 of the Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 prohibited war but not “force short of war”.Article 2 (4) of the UN Charter 1945 widened the scope of this prohibition by putting a general ban not only war but also on the threat or use of force. The term “armed conflict” is wider than “war”. This article tries to cover some of the important rules for the conduct of hostilities, which can be found in contemporary humanitarian legal regime.Īrticle 2 common to the four Geneva Conventions explicitly asserts that the Conventions are applicable to “declared” wars. It further asserts that the Conventions would apply to partial or total occupation of the territory of a state by another state.Finally, the Article asserts the applicability of the Conventions to “armed conflicts” between states. The IHL is a bulk of law however, it is not much comprehensive when it comes to NIAC. A conflict involving two or more states, or conflicts between a state and a recognized liberation struggle is signified in the IAC, whereas a conflict between government armed forces and one or more organized armed groups within a state, is known as NIAC. The International humanitarian law (IHL) recognizes two categories of armed conflict: international armed conflict (IAC) and non-international armed conflict (NIAC). Conflicts Not of an International Character” and the Applicable Law
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